Energy Terms
- Additives Chemicals to control engine deposits and improve lubricating performance.
- Barrels of oil-equivalent (BOE) A unit of measure to quantify crude oil and natural gas amounts using the same basis. Natural gas volumes are converted to barrels on the basis of energy content. See oil-equivalent gas and production.
- Condensates Liquid hydrocarbons produced with natural gas, separated by cooling and other means.
- Enhanced recovery Techniques used to increase or prolong production from crude oil and natural gas fields.
- Exploration Searching for crude oil and/or natural gas by utilizing geologic and topographical studies, geophysical and seismic surveys, and drilling of wells.
- Gas-to-liquids (GTL) A process that converts natural gas into high-quality transportation fuels.
- Greenhouse gases Gases that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride).
- Integrated energy company A company engaged in all aspects of the energy industry: exploring for and producing crude oil and natural gas (upstream); refining, marketing and transporting crude oil, natural gas and refined products (downstream); manufacturing and distributing petrochemicals (chemicals); and generating power.
- Liquefied natural gas (LNG) Natural gas that is liquefied under extremely cold temperatures to facilitate storage or transportation in specially designed vessels.
- Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) Light gases, such as butane and propane, that can be maintained as liquids while under pressure.
- Natural gas liquids (NGL) Separated from natural gas, these include ethane, propane, butane and natural gasoline.
- Oil-equivalent gas (OEG) The volume of natural gas needed to generate the equivalent amount of heat as a barrel of crude oil. Approximately 6,000 cubic feet of natural gas is equivalent to one barrel of crude oil.
- Oil sands Naturally occurring mixture of bitumen — a heavy, viscous form of crude oil — water, sand and clay. Using hydroprocessing technology, bitumen can be refined to yield synthetic crude oils.
- Petrochemicals Derived from petroleum; used principally for the manufacture of chemicals, plastics and resins, synthetic fibers, detergents, adhesives, and synthetic motor oils.
- Production Total production refers to all the crude oil and natural gas produced from a property. Gross production is the company's share of total production before deducting royalties. Net production is gross production minus royalties paid to landowners. Oil-equivalent production is the sum of the barrels of liquids and the oil-equivalent barrels of natural gas produced. See barrels of oil-equivalent and oil-equivalent gas.
- Refinery utilization rate Represents average crude oil consumed in fuel and asphalt refineries for the year expressed as a percentage of the refineries' average annual crude unit capacity adjusted for refinery dispositions.
- Renewables Energy resources that are not depleted when consumed or converted into other forms of energy (e.g., solar, geothermal, ocean and tide, wind, hydroelectric power, biomass fuels, and hydrogen).
- Reserves Crude oil or natural gas contained in underground rock formations called reservoirs. Proved reserves are the estimated quantities that geologic and engineering data demonstrate can be produced with reasonable certainty from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Estimates change as additional information becomes available. Oil-equivalent reserves are the sum of the liquids reserves and the oil-equivalent gas reserves. See barrels of oil-equivalent and oil-equivalent gas.
The rules of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) permit oil and gas companies to disclose in their filings with the SEC only proved reserves. Certain terms, such as "probable" or "possible" reserves, "potentially recoverable" volumes, or "resources," among others, may be used to describe certain oil and gas properties in sections of this document that are not filed with the SEC. We use these other terms, which are not approved for use in SEC filings, because they are commonly used in the industry, are measures considered by management to be important in making capital investment and operating decisions, and provide some indication to our stockholders of the potential ultimate recovery of oil and gas from properties in which we have an interest. In that regard, potentially recoverable volumes are those that can be produced using all known primary and enhanced recovery methods.
- Synthetic crude oil A marketable and transportable hydrocarbon liquid, resembling crude oil, that is produced by upgrading highly viscous to solid hydrocarbons, such as extra-heavy crude oil or oil sands.
Financial Terms
- Cash flow from operating activities Cash generated from the company's businesses, an indicator of a company's ability to pay dividends and fund capital programs. Excludes cash flows related to the company's financing and investing activities.
- Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle The effect on net income in the period of change of a retroactive calculation and application of a new accounting principle.
- Margin The difference between the cost of purchasing, producing and/or marketing a product and its sales price.
- Merger-related expenses The incremental expenses incurred to effect the combination of Chevron and Texaco. The amount shown on the Income Statement is before income tax. Examples are employee termination expenses; professional service fees for investment bankers, attorneys and public accountants; employee and office relocation costs; expenses associated with closure of redundant facilities; and reconfiguration of information technology, telecommunications and accounting systems.
- Net income The primary earnings measure for a company, as determined under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), and detailed on a separate financial statement.
- Return on capital employed (ROCE) ROCE is calculated by dividing net income (adjusted for after-tax interest expense and minority interest) by the average of total debt, minority interest and stockholders' equity for the year.
- Special items Amounts that because of their nature and significance are identified separately to help explain the changes in net income and segment income between periods and to help distinguish the underlying trends for the company's core businesses.
- Stockholders' equity The owners' share of the company — the difference between total assets and total liabilities.
- Total stockholder return The return to stockholders from stock price appreciation and reinvested dividends for a period of time.
